It is composed of seven layers: three inner layers and four outer layers. These are ready-to-use Layers of the Sun worksheets that are perfect for teaching students about the Sun which is the largest object in our solar system. This is a fantastic bundle which includes everything you need to know about the layers of the Sun across 22 in-depth pages. This pattern of heated material rising and cooling occurs in the convection zone cells. Heat from the edge of the radiative zones rises until it cools enough to sink back down.This happens when the density of the radiative zone gets very low and the energy from the core in light form is converted to heat. Energy moves towards the Sun’s surface through convection currents of heated and cooled gas.The temperature at the bottom of the convection zone is about 2 million degrees Celsius. It stretches from as deep as around 200,000 kilometers right up to the visible surface. Convection zone: This layer of the sun is above the radiative zone and is the outermost layer of the Sun’s interior.In this zone, energy is carried outwards through radiation by photon carriers through a process where it bounces many times in zigzagging paths. Energy produced through nuclear fusion in the core moves steadily outwards as electromagnetic radiation, taking over 170,000 years to pass through the radiative zone. Radiative zone: This zone is between the core and the convective zone and is roughly 70 percent of the Sun’s radius.The core extends to roughly a quarter of the way from the Sun’s center.As a result, energy is released, which leaves the Sun’s surface as light and heat, which we receive on Earth, according to NASA studies. These nuclear reactions use hydrogen to produce helium.Core: The core is the Sun’s middle region where energy is generated by thermonuclear reactions, which create extreme temperatures of about 15 million degrees Celsius.The corona cannot be seen with the naked eye, but can be viewed using a coronagraph telescope during a total solar eclipse. Its temperature is between 500,000 degrees Kelvin to 1 million degrees Kelvin. It starts at roughly 1300 miles above the photosphere and has no upper limit. Corona: This is the Sun’s outermost layer.Scientists are yet to discover the cause of this rapid rise in temperature. In the transition region, temperature rises rapidly from roughly 8000 to 500,000 degrees Kelvin. Transition region: This layer is very thin with a size of about 60 miles and is between the corona and the chromosphere.As a result, in this layer and other higher layers of the Sun, the temperature increases further away from the Sun, unlike in lower layers where it gets hotter nearer to the center, according to research by NASA.The chromosphere has temperatures around 4000 degrees Kelvin at the base, and 8000 degrees Kelvin at the top. Chromosphere: This is the layer of the Sun between 250 miles and 1300 miles above the photosphere.The photosphere’s temperature varies from roughly 6500 degrees Kelvin at the bottom to 4000 degrees Kelvin at the top. The Sun’s granulation looks grainy in the photosphere which results in the appearance of bright cells with dark edges.Much of this layer is covered by granulation caused by bubbling gas in the convection layer and sunspots caused by strong magnetic fields. Photosphere: This is the Sun’s lowest layer and the layer visible directly from Earth.The Sun currently fuses about 600 million tons of hydrogen into helium every second, converting 4 million tons of matter into energy every second. It accounts for about 99.86% of the total mass of the Solar System.Its mass is about 330,000 times that of Earth. Its diameter is about 1.39 million kilometers (864,000 miles) or 109 times that of Earth. It is a nearly perfect sphere of hot plasma, with internal convective motion that generates a magnetic field via a dynamo process. The Sun is a star at the center of the Solar System.See the fact file below for more information on the layers of the Sun or alternatively, you can download our 22-page Layers of the Sun worksheet pack to utilise within the classroom or home environment. The inner layers are the core, the radiative zone and the convection zone, while the outer layers are the photosphere, the chromosphere, the transition region and the corona. The Sun is the largest object in our solar system. ![]() Download the Layers of the Sun Facts & Worksheets.
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